Lambda-cyhalothrin, ti a tun mọ ni cyhalothrin ati kungfu cyhalothrin, ni aṣeyọri ni idagbasoke nipasẹ ẹgbẹ AR Jutsum ni ọdun 1984. Ilana ti iṣe rẹ ni lati yi iyipada ti awọ ara nafu kokoro naa pada, dẹkun idari ti axon nafu kokoro, dabaru iṣẹ neuron nipasẹ ibaraenisepo pẹlu ikanni ion iṣuu soda, jẹ ki kokoro ti o ni majele jẹ ki o yọju, rọ ati ku, ati pe o le yara kọlu kokoro naa.Lambda-cyhalothrin ni awọn abuda kan ti irisi insecticidal gbooro, iṣẹ ṣiṣe giga ati iye akoko ipa, ati pe o dara fun iṣakoso kokoro ti awọn irugbin bii alikama, agbado, awọn igi eso, owu, ẹfọ cruciferous, ati bẹbẹ lọ.
1 Ipilẹ ipo
高效氯氟氰菊酯Orukọ Gẹẹsi: Lambda-cyhalothrin;Ilana molikula: C23H19ClF3NO3;Ojutu farabale: 187～190℃/0.2 mmHg;CAS No: 91465-08-633.
Ilana ọja naa han ni aworan 1.
Ṣe nọmba 1 Ilana igbekale ti beta-cyhalothrin
2 Majele ati iṣakoso awọn ibi-afẹde
Beta-cyhalothrin ni ipaniyan olubasọrọ ati awọn ipa majele ikun, ati pe o tun ni ipa imukuro kan ati pe ko si ipa eto.O ni ipa iṣakoso to dara lori jijẹ awọn ajenirun apakan ẹnu gẹgẹbi awọn idin Lepidoptera ati diẹ ninu awọn beetles Coleoptera, ati pe o tun le ṣee lo fun iṣakoso awọn ajenirun ẹnu ẹnu bii psyllium pear.Awọn ohun elo iṣakoso akọkọ ti beta-cyhalothrin jẹ awọn agbedemeji, awọn ọmọ ogun ogun, awọn oka oka, awọn agbo ogun beet, heartworms, awọn rollers bunkun, awọn ogun ogun, awọn labalaba swallowtail, awọn eso ogun eso, awọn bollworms owu, awọn bollworms pupa, awọn caterpillars eso kabeeji, bbl Ni ilẹ koriko ati ilẹ gbigbẹ. awọn irugbin, o le ṣe idiwọ ati ṣakoso awọn koriko koriko, bbl Lo awọn akoko ni awọn agbegbe pupọ ti agbaye: China, paapaa lati Oṣu Kẹjọ si Oṣu Kẹjọ;South / North America, lati Oṣù si May ati Kẹsán si Kejìlá;Guusu ila oorun Asia, lati Oṣù Kejìlá si May;Yuroopu, lati Oṣu Kẹta si May ati Oṣu Kẹsan si oṣupa Kejìlá.
3 Ilana ti iṣelọpọ ati awọn agbedemeji akọkọ
(1) Akopọ ti trifluorochlorochrysanthemum acid kiloraidi
Trifluorochlorochrysanthemum acid (Kung fu acid) ṣe atunṣe pẹlu thionyl kiloraidi, desolubilizes ati ṣe atunṣe lati gba trifluorochlorochrysanthemic acid kiloraidi.
(2) Akopọ ti chlorofluorocyanide epo robi
Chlorofluroyl kiloraidi, m-phenoxybenzaldehyde (ether aldehyde) ati sodium cyanide ti wa ni iṣelọpọ lati gba chlorofluorocyanide epo robi labẹ iṣẹ ti ayase.
(3) Akopọ ti beta-cyhalothrin
Labẹ iṣẹ ti amines Organic, chlorofluorocyanide robi faragba epimerization lati ṣe ipilẹṣẹ beta-cyhalothrin.
4 Abele oja ipo
Gẹgẹbi ibeere Nẹtiwọọki Alaye Pesticide China, ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 20, ọdun 2022, nọmba awọn iforukọsilẹ imọ-ẹrọ alpha-cyhalothrin jẹ 45, ati pe awọn akoonu ti o forukọsilẹ jẹ 81%, 95%, 97%, 96%, ati 98%.Lara wọn, awọn iforukọsilẹ pẹlu 95%, 96%, ati 98% akoonu ṣe iṣiro fun ipin nla.
Gẹgẹbi ibeere Nẹtiwọọki Alaye Pesticide China, ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 20, 2022. Awọn data iforukọsilẹ ti ile ti awọn igbaradi beta-cyhalothrin fihan pe awọn apopọ iwọn lilo kan wa, eyiti 621 jẹ iwọn-ẹyọkan ati 216 ni idapọ.Iwọn ẹyọkan: 621 ti forukọsilẹ, awọn igbaradi akọkọ jẹ 2.5%, 2.7%, 5%, 25g/L microemulsion, 5%, 10%, 25g/L, 2.5% emulsion water, 5%, 2.5%, 25% g/L , 50 g / L EC, 25%, 10%, 2.5% WP, 2.5%, 10%, 25 g / L microcapsule idadoro, ati be be lo. Phoxim, Triazophos, Dextromethrin, Pymetrozine ati awọn ọja miiran.Awọn fọọmu iwọn lilo akọkọ jẹ: 2%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 22%, 44% emulsion aqueous, 16%, 20%, 25%, 26% EC, 15%, 22%, 30% suspending oluranlowo, 2%, 5%, 10%, 12%, 30% microemulsion, 2%, 4% granules, 4.5%, 22%, 24%, 30% wettable powder, etc.
5 Okeokun oja ipo
5.1 Iforukọ ti okeokun ipalemo
Awọn iwọn lilo akọkọ ti a forukọsilẹ jẹ 25 g/L, 50 g/L, 2.5% EC, 2.5%, 10% WP.
Awọn apopọ akọkọ ni: beta-cyhalothrin 9.4% + thiamethoxam 12.6% microcapsule suspension, beta-cyhalothrin 1.7% + abamectin 0.3% EC, thiamethoxam 14.1% + iṣẹ ṣiṣe giga chlorofluorocarbon Cypermethrin% 10p iwọn 1.5 % EC.
5.2 China ká okeere
Lati ọdun 2015 si ọdun 2019, apapọ awọn ile-iṣẹ 582 ṣe okeere awọn ọja imọ-ẹrọ cyhalothrin ti o ga julọ ati awọn ọja igbaradi, ati iwọn ọja okeere ti awọn ile-iṣẹ mẹwa mẹwa ti o ṣe iṣiro 45% ti lapapọ iwọn okeere (ikojọpọ ọdun 5).Awọn ile-iṣẹ mẹwa ti o ga julọ ni a ṣe akojọ ni Tabili 2.
Iwọn apapọ okeere ti awọn ohun elo imọ-ẹrọ jẹ 2,400 tonnu / ọdun, ati iwọn didun okeere ti o ga julọ jẹ 3,000 tons / ọdun.Iwọn ọja okeere ti pọ si ni ọdun nipasẹ ọdun lati 2015 si 2019. Iwọn apapọ okeere ti awọn igbaradi ti ara jẹ 14,800 tons / ọdun, ati pe iwọn didun okeere ti o pọju jẹ 17,000 tons (2017), ati lẹhinna iwọn didun okeere jẹ iduroṣinṣin;apapọ okeere iwọn didun ti ipalemo ni 460 toonu / odun, ati awọn ti o ga ni 515 toonu / odun.
Lati ọdun 2015 si ọdun 2019, imọ-ẹrọ ati awọn ọja igbaradi ti cyhalothrin ni a gbejade si awọn ọja 77.Awọn ọja marun ti o ga julọ ni Amẹrika, Belgium, India, Argentina, ati Pakistan.Awọn ọja marun ti o ga julọ jẹ 57% ti awọn ọja okeere lapapọ ti Ilu China.(5 years akojo).
6 Titun oja lominu
Gẹgẹbi awọn orisun media, ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 7, Ọdun 2022, akoko agbegbe, ile-iṣẹ kan ti ile-iṣẹ agrochemical India Bharat Rasayan, eyiti o ṣe agbejade awọn ọja pyrethroid ati awọn agbedemeji ti o jọmọ, mu ina lẹhin bugbamu igbomikana kan.
India jẹ ọkan ninu awọn olupilẹṣẹ ipakokoro ipakokoro pataki ti kii ṣe itọsi ni agbaye, laarin eyiti agbara iṣelọpọ ti awọn agbedemeji bọtini ti awọn ọja pyrethroid, methyl betinate ati ether aldehyde, jẹ iwọn giga.Ni ọdun 2021, Bharat Rasayan yoo okeere lapapọ ti o ju 6,000 toonu ti awọn oogun imọ-ẹrọ ipakokoropaeku, awọn igbaradi ati awọn agbedemeji, eyiti 61% jẹ oogun imọ-ẹrọ, awọn igbaradi 13% ati awọn agbedemeji 26% (nipataki awọn agbedemeji pyrethroid).Gẹgẹbi agbedemeji pataki fun sisọpọ awọn ipakokoropaeku pyrethroid, ether aldehyde ni ibeere inu ile lododun ti o to awọn toonu 6,000, eyiti o fẹrẹ to idaji nilo lati ra lati India.
Niwọn igba ti ọja inu ile fun cyhalothrin ti sunmọ opin rẹ, ati pe ile-iṣẹ India kii ṣe ile-iṣẹ akọkọ ti o ṣe agbejade awọn agbedemeji ti o ni ibatan alpha-cyhalothrin gẹgẹbi ether aldehydes, ipa lori ọja inu ile jẹ kekere, ati pe o jẹ pataki julọ lati sanwo. ifojusi si awọn laipe okeere.Avvon.
Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Jun-08-2022